Medical Immunology - Online Course

 Medical Immunology

Medical Immunology - -

Introduction

1. Historical Overview - Medical Immunology
2. General Concepts - Medical Immunology
3. Cells of the Immune System - Medical Immunology
4. Antigens and Antibodies - Medical Immunology
5. Lymphocytes and Cell-Mediated Immunity
6. Self Versus Nonself Discrimination - Medical Immunology
7. General Overview - Medical Immunology
8. Immunology and Medicine

Cells and Tissues Involved in the Immune Response

1. Cells of the Immune System
2. Lymphoid Tissues and Organs
3. Lymphocyte Traffic

Major Histocompatibility Complex

1. Major Histocompatibility Complex - Medical Immunology
2. Classification, Structure, and Detection of HLA Genes and Gene Products
3. Cellular Distribution of the MHC Antigens
4. Chromosomal Localization and Arrangement of the MHC Genes
5. Genetics of the MHC(Major Histocompatibility Complex)
6. MHC(Major Histocompatibility Complex) Complex and the Immune Response
7. MHC-Disease Associations

The Induction of an Immune Response Antigens Lymphocytes and Accessory Cells

1. Antigenicity and Immunogenicity
2. Antigenic Determinants
3. Characteristics of Immunogenicity
4. Factors Associated With the Induction of an Immune Response
5. Exogenous and Endogenous Antigens
6. T-B Cell Cooperation in Antibody Responses
7. T-Dependent and T-Independent Antigens
8. Induction of the Immune Response
9. Activation of Helper T Lymphocytes
10. Antigen Presentation and Activation of Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes
11. Stimulation of a B-Lymphocyte Response by a T-Dependent Antigen

Immunoglobulin Structure

1. Immunoglobulin G (IgG): The Prototype Immunoglobulin Molecule
2. Structural and Antigenic Heterogeneity of Heavy and Light Chains
3. Immunoglobulin Regions and Domains
4. The Immunoglobulin Superfamily of Proteins
5. The Antibody-Combining Site
6. Immunoglobulin M: A Polymeric Molecule
7. Immunoglobulin A: A Molecularly Heterogeneous Immunoglobulin
8. The Minor Immunoglobulin Classes: IgD And IgE

Biosynthesis Metabolism and Biological Properties of Immunoglobulins

1. Immunoglobulin Biosynthesis
2. Immunoglobulin Metabolism
3. Biological Properties of Immunoglobulins

Genetics of Immunoglobulins

1. Immunoglobulin Gene Rearrangement
2. Genetic Basis of Antibody Diversity
3. Antigenic Determinants of Immunoglobulin Molecules
4. DNA Polymorphisms: RFLPS
5. Allelic Exclusion
6. GM Allotypes and IGG Subclass Concentrations
7. Immunoglobulin Allotypes, Immune Response, and Diseases

Antigen Antibody Reactions

1. General Characteristics of the Antigen-Antibody Reaction
2. Specific Types of Antigen-Antibody Reactions
3. Biological Consequences of the Antigen-Antibody Reaction

The Complement System

1. The Complement System - Medical Immunology
2. The Classical Complement Pathway - Medical Immunology
3. The Alternative Complement Pathway
4. Activation and Inactivation of C3
5. Few Complement-Activation Pathways
6. Complement Receptors in Human Cell Membranes
7. Pathological Situations Associated With Exaggerated Complement Activation
8. Complement Levels in Disease
9. Microbial Anticomplementary Mechanisms

Lymphocyte Ontogeny and Membrane Markers

1. Lymphocyte Ontogeny and Membrane Markers
2. Approaches to the Study of Lymphocyte Diversity and Ontogeny
3. Major Steps in the Differentiation of T And B Lymphocytes
4. B Lymphocyte Ontogeny
5. T-Lymphocyte Ontogeny
6. Natural Killer Cells
7. Dendritic Cells

Cell Mediated Immunity

1. T-Cell Activation
2. Inactivation of T-Cell Responses
3. T-Helper-Cell Subsets and their Regulatory Roles
4. The Role of Helper T Cells in Inflammatory Responses
5. T-Cell Help and the Humoral Immune Response
6. Activation and Differentiation of Cd8+ Cytotoxic T Cells
7. Activation and Function of Natural Killer Cells
8. Regulatory Cells and the Immune Response

The Humoral Immune Response and Its Induction by Active Immunization

1. Overview of the Induction of a Humoral Immune Response to an Immunogen
2. The Primary Immune Response
3. The Secondary or Anamnestic Response
4. The Fate of Antigens on the Primary and Secondary Responses
5. The Mucosal Humoral Immune Response
6. Immunization
7. Types of Vaccines

Phagocytic Cells

1. Physiology of the Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes
2. Physiology of the Monocyte/Macrophage
3. Laboratory Evaluation of Phagocytic Function

Infections and Immunity

1. Nonspecific Anti-Infectious Defense Mechanisms
2. Natural Antibodies
3. The Protective Role of Antibodies
4. The Protective Role of Cell-Mediated Immunity
5. Immune Deficiency Syndromes as Models For Study Of Immune Defenses Against Infections in Humans
6. Escape From the Immune Response
7. Abnormal Consequences of the Immune Response
8. Epilogue

Diagnostic Immunology

1. General Principles of Immunoserology
2. Precipitation Assays - Immunoserology
3. Assay Methods Based on Agglutination - Immunoserology
4. Tests Based on Complement Fixation - Immunoserology
5. Tests Based on Immunofluorescence
6. Radioimmunoassay
7. Enzyme Immunoassay
8. Laboratory Tests for Assessment of Phagocytic Cell Function
9. Laboratory Tests For Assessment of Lymphocyte Function

Tolerance and Autoimmunity

1. Historical Introduction - Tolerance and Autoimmunity
2. Definition and General Characteristics of Tolerance
3. Acquired Tolerance; Tolerogenic Conditions
4. Experimental Approaches to the Definition of the Mechanisms of Lymphocyte Tolerance
5. T-Lymphocyte Tolerance Models
6. Downregulation of the Immune Response
7. Termination of Tolerance
8. Autoimmunity
9. Pathophysiology of Autoimmune Diseases
10. Pathogenic Factors Involved in the Onset of Autoimmune Diseases
11. Animal Models of Autoimmunity
12. Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases

Organ Specific Autoimmune Diseases

1. Autoimmune Diseases of the Thyroid Gland
2. Addison�s Disease (Chronic Primary Hypoadrenalism)
3. Autoimmune Diseases of the Pancreas
4. Autoimmune Diseases of the Gastrointestinal Tract and Liver
5. Autoimmune Diseases of the Neuromuscular Systems
6. Autoimmune Diseases of the Blood Cells

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

1. Clinical Manifestations - Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
2. Immunological Abnormalities in SLE(Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)
3. Pathogenesis of SLE(Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)
4. Treatment - Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Rheumatoid Arthritis

1. Clinical and Pathological Aspects of Rheumatoid Arthritis
2. Autoantibodies in Rheumatoid Arthritis
3. Rheumatoid Factor and Anti-immunoglobulin Antibodies
4. Genetic Factors in Rheumatoid Arthritis
5. Cell-Mediated Immunity Abnormalities in Rheumatoid Arthritis
6. Overview of Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis
7. Therapy - Rheumatoid Arthritis

Hypersensitivity Reactions

1. Hypersensitivity Reactions: Introduction
2. Type I Hypersensitivity Reactions (IGE-Mediated Hypersensitivity, Immediate Hypersensitivity)
3. Cytotoxic Reactions (Type Ii Hypersensitivity)
4. Immune Complex�Induced Hypersensitivity Reactions (Type III Hypersensitivity)
5. Delayed (Type IV) Hypersensitivity Reactions

IgE Mediated Immediate Hypersensitivity

1. Major Clinical Expressions - IgE-Mediated (Immediate) Hypersensitivity
2. Pathogenesis - IgE Mediated (Immediate) Hypersensitivity
3. IgE Antibodies
4. The IgE Antibody Response
5. Genetic Control of IgE Synthesis
6. Interaction of IgE with Cell Surface Receptors
7. Early and Late Phases in Type I Hypersensitivity
8. Prevention and Therapy - IgE-Mediated (Immediate) Hypersensitivity

Immunohematology

1. Introduction: Blood Groups - Immunohematology
2. Serological Principles of Blood Transfusion
3. Blood Transfusion Reactions
4. Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn (Erythroblastosis Fetalis)
5. Immune Hemolytic Anemias

Immune Complex Diseases

1. Immune Complex Diseases
2. Physiopathology of Immune Complex Disease
3. Host Factors that Influence the Development of Immune Complex Disease
4. Detection of Soluble Immune Complexes
5. The Role of Immune Complexes in Human Disease
6. Therapeutic Approaches to Immune Complex Disease

Immune System Modulators

1. Immune System Modulators: Introduction
2. Immunosuppression: Introduction
3. Immunosuppressive Drugs: Pharmacological and Immunological Aspects
4. Use of Immunosuppressive Drugs in Hypersensitivity and Autoimmune Diseases
5. Adverse Consequences of Prolonged Immunosuppression
6. Cytokine Modifiers
7. Immunopotentiation

Transplantation Immunology

1. Transplantation Immunology: Introduction
2. Donor-Recipient Matching - Transplantation Immunology
3. Graft Rejection - Transplantation Immunology
4. Immunosuppression - Transplantation Immunology
5. Graft-Versus-Host Reaction - Transplantation Immunology

Tumor Immunology

1. Tumor Immunology: Introduction
2. Immunogenicity of Tumors
3. Effector Mechanisms in Cancer Immunity
4. Factors Affecting Tumor Immunogenicity
5. Immunotherapy

Malignancies of the Immune System

1. B-Cell Dyscrasias
2. Physiopathology of B-Cell Dyscrasias
3. Clinical Presentations of B-Cell Dyscrasias
4. Leukemias and Lymphomas
5. Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
6. Hairy Cell Leukemia
7. Acute Lymphocytic Leukemias

Diagnosis of Immunodeficiency Diseases

1. Diagnosis of Immunodeficiency Diseases: Introduction
2. Diagnostic Studies - Diagnosis of Immunodeficiency Diseases
3. Diagnostic Evaluation of Humoral Immunity
4. Diagnostic Evaluation of Cell-Mediated Immunity
5. Diagnostic Evaluation of Phagocytic Cell Function
6. Diagnostic Evaluation of Complement Function

Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases

1. Humoral Immunodeficiencies
2. Infantile Agammaglobulinemia (Bruton-Janeway Syndrome)
3. Common, Variable, Unclassified Immunodeficiency (�Acquired� Hypogammaglobulinemia)
4. Selective Immunoglobulin A Deficiency
5. X-Linked Hyper-IgM Syndrome
6. Antigen-Selective Immune Deficiencies
7. Cellular Immunodeficiencies
8. Severe, Combined Immunodeficiency
9. Other Forms of Combined Immune Deficiency
10. Phagocytic Cell Deficiencies
11. Complement Deficiencies - Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases

AIDS and Other Acquired Immunodeficiency Diseases

1. Secondary Immunodeficiencies
2. The Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
3. General Characteristics of HIV
4. Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS
5. HIV and the Immune System
6. Natural History of an HIV Infection
7. Clinical Stages of HIV Infection
8. Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
9. Serological Diagnosis of HIV Infection
10. Therapy - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
11. Immunoprophylaxis - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome