Anesthesiology - Online Course

Anesthesiology - Medical Course Subject


Anesthesiology





The Practice of Anesthesiology


1. The Practice of Anesthesiology
2. The History of Anesthesia
3. Inhalation Anesthesia
4. Local & Regional Anesthesia
5. Intravenous Anesthesia
6. Evolution of the Specialty
7. The Scope of Anesthesia




Anesthetic Equipment and Monitors






The Operating Room Environment


1. The Operating Room Environment: Safety Culture
2. The Operating Room Environment: Medical Gas Systems
3. Environmental Factors in the Operating Room
4. Electrical Safety in the Operating Room
5. Fire Prevention & Preparation in the Operating Room
6. Fire Extinguishers in the Operating Room
7. Laser Safety in the Operating Room
8. Crew Resource Management in the Operating Room
9. Future Design of Operating Rooms




Breathing Systems


1. Anesthetic Equipment & Monitors : Breathing Systems
2. Insufflation
3. Open Drop and Draw Over Anesthesia
4. Mapleson Circuits
5. Components of Mapleson Circuits
6. Performance Characteristics of Mapleson Circuits
7. The Circle System
8. Components of the Circle System
9. Optimization of Circle System Design
10. Performance Characteristics of the Circle System
11. Disadvantages of the Circle System
12. Resuscitation Breathing Systems




The Anesthesia Machine


1. The Anesthesia Machine
2. Anesthesia Gas Supply
3. Anesthesia Flow Control Circuits
4. Anesthesia The Breathing Circuit
5. Anesthesia Ventilators
6. Anesthesia Ventilator Circuit Design
7. Anesthesia Ventilators Pressure & Volume Monitoring
8. Problems Associated with Anesthesia Ventilators
9. Anesthesia Waste Gas Scavengers
10. Anesthesia Machine Checkout List




Cardiovascular Monitoring


1. Arterial Blood Pressure
2. Noninvasive Arterial Blood Pressure Monitoring Indications
3. Invasive Arterial Blood Pressure Monitoring
4. Electrocardiography
5. Central Venous Catheterization
6. Pulmonary Artery Catheterization
7. Cardiac Output




Non cardiovascular Monitoring


1. Precordial & Esophageal Stethoscopes - Respiratory Gas Exchange Monitors
2. Pulse Oximetry - Respiratory Gas Exchange Monitors
3. Capnography
4. Anesthetic Gas Analysis
5. Electroencephalography - Neurological System Monitors
6. Evoked Potentials - Neurological System Monitors
7. Cerebral Oximetry and Other Neurological System Monitors of the Brain
8. Temperature Monitors
9. Urinary Output Monitors
10. Peripheral Nerve Stimulation




Clinical Pharmacology






Pharmacological Principles


1. Pharmacokinetics: Absorption
2. Pharmacokinetics: Distribution
3. Pharmacokinetics: Biotransformation
4. Pharmacokinetics: Excretion
5. Pharmacokinetics: Compartment Models
6. Pharmacodynamics
7. Inhalation Anesthetics
8. Factors Affecting Inspiratory Concentration
9. Factors Affecting Alveolar Concentration
10. Factors Affecting Arterial Concentration
11. Factors Affecting Elimination
12. Theories of Anesthetic Action
13. Anesthetic Neurotoxicity
14. Anesthetic Neuroprotection and Cardiac Preconditioning
15. Minimum Alveolar Concentration
16. Nitrous Oxide - Clinical Pharmacology of Inhalation Anesthetics
17. Halothane - Clinical Pharmacology of Inhalation Anesthetics
18. Isoflurane - Clinical Pharmacology of Inhalation Anesthetics
19. Desflurane - Clinical Pharmacology of Inhalation Anesthetics
20. Sevoflurane - Clinical Pharmacology of Inhalation Anesthetics
21. Xenon - Clinical Pharmacology of Inhalation Anesthetics




Intravenous Anesthetics


1. Intravenous Anesthetics: Barbiturates
2. Intravenous Anesthetics: Benzodiazepines
3. Intravenous Anesthetics: Ketamine
4. Intravenous Anesthetics: Etomidate
5. Intravenous Anesthetics: Propofol
6. Intravenous Anesthetics: Fospropofol




Analgesic Agents


1. Analgesic Agents: Opioids
2. Analgesic Agents: Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors




Neuromuscular Blocking Agents


1. Neuromuscular Transmission
2. Neuromuscular Blocking Agents: Mechanism Of Action
3. Other Mechanisms of Neuromuscular Blockade
4. Reversal of Neuromuscular Blockade
5. Response to Peripheral Nerve Stimulation
6. DepolarizingMuscle Relaxants: Succinylcholine
7. Nondepolarizing Muscle Relaxants: Unique Pharmacological Characteristics
8. Nondepolarizing Muscle Relaxants: General Pharmacological Characteristics
9. Nondepolarizing Muscle Relaxants: Atracurium
10. Nondepolarizing Muscle Relaxants: Cisatracurium
11. Nondepolarizing Muscle Relaxants: Pancuronium
12. Nondepolarizing Muscle Relaxants: Vecuronium
13. Nondepolarizing Muscle Relaxants: Rocuronium
14. Nondepolarizing Muscle Relaxants: Other Relaxants
15. Newer Muscle Relaxants




Cholinesterase Inhibitors and Other Pharmacologic Antagonists to Neuromuscular Blocking Agents


1. Cholinergic Pharmacology
2. Cholinergic Pharmacology: Mechanism of Action
3. Cholinergic Pharmacology: Clinical Pharmacology
4. Cholinesterase Inhibitors: Neostigmine
5. Cholinesterase Inhibitors: Pyridostigmine
6. Cholinesterase Inhibitors: Edrophonium
7. Cholinesterase Inhibitors: Physostigmine
8. Non Classic Reversal Agents
9. Sugammadex
10. L Cysteine




Anticholinergic Drugs


1. Anticholinergic Drugs
2. Specific Anticholinergic Drugs




Adrenergic Agonists and Antagonists


1. Adrenoceptor Physiology
2. Adrenergic Agonists
3. Adrenergic Agonists: Phenylephrine
4. Adrenergic Agonists: Epinephrine
5. Adrenergic Agonists: Ephedrine
6. Adrenergic Agonists: Norepinephrine
7. Adrenergic Agonists: Dopamine
8. Adrenergic Agonists: Isoproterenol
9. Adrenergic Agonists: Dobutamine
10. Adrenergic Agonists: Dopexamine
11. Adrenergic Agonists: Fenoldopam
12. Adrenergic Antagonists: ?lpha Blockers Phentolamine
13. Adrenergic Antagonists: Mixed Antagonists Labetalol
14. Adrenergic Antagonists: Beta Blockers
15. Adrenergic Antagonists: Esmolol
16. Adrenergic Antagonists: Metoprolol
17. Adrenergic Antagonists: Propranolol
18. Adrenergic Antagonists: Nebivolol
19. Adrenergic Antagonists: Carvedilol
20. Perioperative ?eta Blocker Therapy




Hypotensive Agents


1. Hypotensive Agents
2. Nitrovasodilators: Sodium Nitroprusside
3. Nitrovasodilators: Nitroglycerin
4. Nitrovasodilators: Hydralazine
5. Non-Nitrovasodilator Hypotensive Agents: Fenoldopam
6. Non-Nitrovasodilator Hypotensive Agents: Calcium Antagonists




Local Anesthetics


1. Mechanisms of Local Anesthetic Action
2. Local Anesthetic: Structure Activity Relationships
3. Local Anesthetic: Pharmacokinetics
4. Local Anesthetic: Effects on Organ Systems
5. Local Anesthetic: Drug Interactions




Adjuncts to Anesthesia


1. Aspiration
2. Aspiration: Histamine Receptor Antagonists
3. Aspiration: H1-Receptor Antagonists
4. Aspiration: H2-Receptor Antagonists
5. Aspiration: Antacids
6. Aspiration: Metoclopramide
7. Aspiration: Proton Pump Inhibitors
8. Postoperative Nausea & Vomiting PONV
9. 5 HT3 Receptor Antagonists
10. Butyrophenones
11. Dexamethasone
12. Neurokinin 1 Receptor Antagonist
13. Adjuncts to Anesthesia: Ketorolac
14. Clonidine
15. Dexmedetomidine
16. Doxapram
17. Naloxone
18. Naltrexone
19. Flumazenil




Anesthetic Management






Preoperative Assessment and Premedication Perioperative Documentation


1. Preoperative Evaluation
2. Elements of the Preoperative History
3. Elements of the Preoperative Physical Examination
4. Preoperative Laboratory Testing
5. Premedication
6. Documentation - Clinical Anesthesiology




Anesthetic Management Airway Management


1. Airway Management: Anatomy
2. Routine Airway Management
3. Airway Assessment
4. Airway Management Equipment
5. Airway Management Positioning
6. Airway Preoxygenation
7. Bag and Mask Ventilation
8. Supraglottic Airway Devices
9. Endotracheal Intubation
10. Larygoscopes
11. Video Laryngoscopes
12. Techniques of Direct and Indirect Laryngoscopy & Intubation
13. Surgical Airway Techniques
14. Problems Following Intubation
15. Techniques of Extubation
16. Complications of Laryngoscopy & Intubation




Cardiovascular Physiology and Anesthesia


1. Cardiovascular Physiology & Anesthesia
2. Physiology & Anesthesia: The Heart
3. Cardiac Action Potentials
4. Initiation & Conduction of the Cardiac Impulse
5. Mechanism of Heart Contraction
6. Innervation of the Heart
7. The Cardiac Cycle
8. Determinants of Ventricular Performance
9. Assessment of Ventricular Function
10. Systemic Circulation
11. Autonomic Control of the Systemic Vasculature
12. Arterial Blood Pressure
13. Anatomy & Physiology of the Coronary Circulation
14. Effects of Anesthetic Agents on Heart
15. Compensatory Mechanisms




Anesthesia for Patients with Cardiovascular Disease


1. Anesthesia for Patients with Cardiovascular Disease
2. Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation and Preparation for Noncardiac Surgery
3. Coronary Artery Disease
4. Hypertension
5. Hypertension:Preoperative Management
6. Hypertension: Intraoperative Management
7. Hypertension: Postoperative Management
8. Ischemic Heart Disease
9. Ischemic Heart Disease: Preoperative Management
10. Ischemic Heart Disease: Intraoperative Management
11. Ischemic Heart Disease: Monitoring
12. Arrhythmias, Pacemakers, and Internal Cardioverter-Defibrillator Management
13. Heart Failure
14. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
15. Valvular Heart Disease: General Evaluation of Patients
16. Mitral Stenosis
17. Mitral Regurgitation
18. Mitral Valve Prolapse
19. Aortic Stenosis
20. Calculating Aortic Valve Area & Transvalvular Gradient
21. Aortic Regurgitation
22. Tricuspid Regurgitation
23. Endocarditis Prophylaxis
24. Anticoagulation
25. Congenital Heart Disease
26. Obstructive Lesions
27. Predominantly Left-to-Right (Simple) Shunts
28. Predominantly Right-to-Left (Complex) Shunts
29. The Patient with a Transplanted Heart




Anesthesia for Cardiovascular Surgery


1. Cardiopulmonary Bypass
2. Cardiopulmonary Bypass: Systemic Hypothermia
3. Myocardial Preservation
4. Physiological Effects of Cardiopulmonary Bypass
5. Anesthetic Management of Cardiac Surgery: Adults
6. Anesthetic Management of Cardiac Surgery: Preinduction Period
7. Anesthetic Management of Cardiac Surgery: Prebypass Period
8. Anesthetic Management of Cardiac Surgery: Bypass Period
9. Anesthetic Management of Cardiac Surgery: Termination of CPB
10. Anesthetic Management of Cardiac Surgery: Postbypass Period
11. Anesthetic Management of Cardiac Surgery: Postoperative Period
12. O?-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery
13. Pediatric Patients
14. Cardiac Transplantation
15. Cardiac Transplantation: Anesthetic Management
16. Pericardial Disease
17. Anesthesia for Surgery on the Aorta
18. Specific Lesions of the Aorta
19. Anesthetic Management
20. Anesthesia for Carotid Artery Surgery




Respiratory Physiology and Anesthesia


1. Functional Respiratory Anatomy
2. Mechanisms of Breathing
3. Lung Mechanics
4. Ventilation/Perfusion Relationships
5. Alveolar, Arterial, & Venous Gas Tensions
6. Transport of Respiratory Gases in Blood
7. Control of Breathing
8. Nonrespiratory Functions of the Lung




Anesthesia for Patients with Respiratory Disease


1. Anesthesia : Pulmonary Risk Factors
2. Anesthesia : Asthma
3. Anesthesia : Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
4. Anesthesia : Restrictive Pulmonary Disease
5. Anesthesia : Acute Intrinsic Pulmonary Disorders
6. Anesthesia : Chronic Intrinsic Pulmonary Disorders
7. Anesthesia : Extrinsic Restrictive Pulmonary Disorders
8. Anesthesia : Pulmonary Embolism




Anesthesia for Thoracic Surgery


1. Anesthesia for Thoracic Surgery: The Lateral Decubitus Position
2. Anesthesia for Thoracic Surgery: The Open Pneumothorax
3. Anesthesia for Thoracic Surgery: One Lung Ventilation
4. Physiological Considerations During Thoracic Anesthesia
5. Techniques for One-Lung Ventilation
6. Anesthesia for Lung Resection: Preoperative Considerations
7. Anesthesia for Lung Resection: Anesthetic Considerations
8. Special Considerations for Patients Undergoing Lung Resection
9. Anesthesia for Tracheal Resection
10. Anesthesia for Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS)
11. Anesthesia for Diagnostic Thoracic Procedures
12. Anesthesia for Lung Transplantation
13. Anesthesia for Esophageal Surgery




Neurophysiology and Anesthesia


1. Cerebral Metabolism
2. Cerebral Blood Flow
3. Regulation of Cerebral Blood Flow
4. Blood Brain Barrier
5. Cerebrospinal Fluid
6. Intracranial Pressure
7. Effect of Anesthetic Agents on Cerebral Physiology
8. Physiology of Brain Protection




Anesthesia for Neurosurgery


1. Intracranial Hypertension
2. Anesthesia & Craniotomy for Patients with Mass Lesions
3. Anesthesia for Surgery in the Posterior Fossa
4. Anesthesia for Stereotactic Surgery
5. Anesthesia for Head Trauma
6. Anesthesia & Craniotomy for Intracranial Aneurysms & Arteriovenous Malformations
7. Anesthesia for Surgery on the Spine




Anesthesia for Patients with Neurologic and Psychiatric Diseases


1. Anesthesia for Cerebrovascular Disease
2. Anesthesia for Seizure Disorders
3. Anesthesia for Parkinson Disease
4. Anesthesia for Alzheimer Disease
5. Anesthesia for Multiple Sclerosis
6. Anesthesia for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
7. Anesthesia for Guillain Barre Syndrome
8. Anesthesia for Autonomic Dysfunction
9. Anesthesia for Syringomyelia
10. Anesthesia for Spinal Cord Injury
11. Anesthesia for Depression
12. Anesthesia for Bipolar Disease
13. Anesthesia for Schizophrenia
14. Anesthesia for Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
15. Anesthesia for Substance Abuse




Renal Physiology Anesthesia


1. Renal Physiology & Anesthesia
2. Anesthesia: The Nephron
3. Anesthesia: The Renal Circulation
4. Renal Blood Flow & Glomerular Filtration
5. Effects of Anesthesia & Surgery on Renal Function
6. Anesthesia: Diuretics
7. Anesthesia: Osmotic Diuretics Mannitol
8. Anesthesia: Loop Diuretics
9. Anesthesia: Thiazide & Thiazide Like Diuretics
10. Anesthesia: Potassium Sparing Diuretics
11. Anesthesia: Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors




Anesthesia for Patients with Kidney Disease


1. Anesthesia for Patients with Kidney Disease
2. Anesthesia for Evaluating Renal Function
3. Altered Renal Function the Effects of Anesthetic Agents
4. Anesthesia for Patients with Kidney Failure
5. Anesthesia for Patients with Mild to Moderate Renal Impairment




Anesthesia for Genitourinary Surgery


1. Anesthesia for Cystoscopy
2. Anesthesia for Transurethral Resection of the Prostate
3. Anesthesia for Lithotripsy
4. Anesthesia for Noncancer Surgery of the Upper Ureter & Kidney
5. Anesthesia: Surgery For Urological Malignancies
6. Anesthesia: Surgery For Urological Malignancies: Prostate Cancer
7. Anesthesia: Surgery For Urological Malignancies: Bladder Cancer
8. Anesthesia: Surgery For Urological Malignancies: Testicular Cancer
9. Anesthesia: Surgery For Urological Malignancies: Renal Cancer
10. Anesthesia for Renal Transplantation




Hepatic Physiology Anesthesia


1. Hepatic Physiology and Functional Anatomy
2. Liver Tests
3. Effect of Anesthesia on Hepatic Function




Anesthesia for Patients with Liver Disease


1. Anesthesia for Coagulation in Liver Disease
2. Anesthesia for Acute Hepatitis
3. Anesthesia for Chronic Hepatitis
4. Anesthesia for Cirrhosis
5. Anesthesia for Hepatic Surgery
6. Anesthesia for Special Situations




Anesthesia for Patients with Endocrine Disease


1. The Pancreas Physiology
2. Anesthesia for Diabetes Mellitus
3. The Thyroid Physiology
4. Anesthesia for Hyperthyroidism
5. Anesthesia for Hypothyroidism
6. The Parathyroid Glands Physiology
7. Anesthesia for Hyperparathyroidism
8. Anesthesia for Hypoparathyroidism
9. The Adrenal Gland Physiology
10. Anesthesia for Mineralocorticoid Excess
11. Anesthesia for Mineralocorticoid Deficiency
12. Anesthesia for Glucocorticoid Excess
13. Anesthesia for Glucocorticoid Deficiency
14. Anesthesia for Catecholamine Excess
15. Anesthesia for Obesity
16. Anesthesia for Carcinoid Syndrome




Anesthesia for Patients with Neuromuscular Disease


1. Anesthesia for Patients with Neuromuscular Disease
2. Anesthesia for Myasthenia Gravis
3. Anesthesia for Paraneoplastic Neuromu Scularsyndromes
4. Anesthesia for Muscular Dystrophies
5. Anesthesia for Myotonias
6. Anesthesia for Periodic Paralysis




Anesthesia for Ophthalmic Surgery


1. Anesthesia for Intraocular Pressure Dynamics
2. Anesthesia for the Oculocardiac Reflex
3. Anesthesia for Intraocular Gas Expansion
4. Anesthesia for Systemic Effects of Ophthalmic Drugs
5. General Anesthesia for Ophthalmic Surgery
6. Regional Anesthesia for Ophthalmic Surgery




Anesthesia for Otorhinolaryngologic Surgery


1. Anesthesia for Endoscopy
2. Anesthesia for Nasal & Sinus Surgery
3. Anesthesia for Head & Neck Cancer Surgery
4. Anesthesia for Maxillofacial Reconstruction & Orthognathic Surgery
5. Anesthesia for Ear Surgery




Anesthesia for Orthopedic Surgery


1. Anesthesia for Orthopedic Surgery
2. Anesthesia for Perioperative Management Considerations in Orthopedic Surgery
3. Anesthesia for Fracture of the Hip
4. Anesthesia for Total Hip Arthroplasty
5. Anesthesia for Closed Reduction of Hip Dislocation
6. Anesthesia for Knee Arthroscopy
7. Anesthesia for Total Knee Replacement
8. Anesthesia for Shoulder Surgery
9. Anesthesia for Distal Upper Extremity Surgery




Anesthesia for Trauma and Emergency Surgery


1. Anesthesia for Trauma & Emergency Surgery
2. Anesthesia for Primary Survey
3. Anesthesia for Resuscitation
4. Anesthesia for Definitive Trauma Interventions
5. Anesthesia for Traumatic Brain Injury
6. Anesthesia for Spinal Cord Injury
7. Anesthesia for Burns




Maternal and Fetal Physiology and Anesthesia


1. Anesthesia for Physiological Changes During Pregnancy
2. Anesthesia for Uteroplacental Circulation
3. Physiology of Normal Labor
4. Effect of Labor on Maternal Physiology
5. Effect of Anesthetic Agents on Uterine Activity & Labor
6. Fetal Physiology
7. Physiological Transition of the Fetus at Birth




Obstetric Anesthesia


1. Anesthetic Risk in Obstetric Patients
2. General Approach to the Obstetric Patient
3. Anesthesia for Labor & Vaginal Delivery
4. Regional Anesthetic Techniques: Spinal Opioids Alone
5. Regional Anesthetic Techniques: Local Anesthetic/Local Anesthetic Opioid Mixtures
6. Anesthesia for Cesarean Section
7. Anesthesia for Cesarean Section: Regional Anesthesia
8. Anesthesia for Cesarean Section: General Anesthesia
9. Anesthesia for Emergency Cesarean Section
10. Anesthesia for Umbilical Cord Prolapse
11. Anesthesia for Dystocia & Abnormal Fetal Presentations & Positions
12. Anesthesia for Multiple Gestations
13. Anesthesia for Antepartum Hemorrhage
14. Anesthesia for Premature Rupture of Membranes & Chorioamnionitis
15. Anesthesia for Preterm Labor
16. Anesthesia for Hypertensive Disorders
17. Anesthesia for Heart Disease
18. Anesthesia for Amniotic Fluid Embolism
19. Anesthesia for Postpartum Hemorrhage
20. Anesthesia for Fetal Resuscitation
21. Anesthesia for Neonatal Resuscitation




Pediatric Anesthesia


1. Pediatric Anesthesia: Anatomic & Physiological Development
2. Pediatric Anesthesia: Pharmacological Differences
3. Pediatric Anesthetic Risk
4. Pediatric Anesthetic Techniques: Preoperative Considerations
5. Pediatric Anesthetic Techniques: Monitoring
6. Pediatric Anesthetic Techniques: Induction
7. Pediatric Anesthetic Techniques: Intravenous Induction
8. Pediatric Anesthetic Techniques: Inhalational Induction
9. Pediatric Anesthetic Techniques: Intravenous Access
10. Pediatric Anesthetic Techniques: Tracheal Intubation
11. Pediatric Anesthetic Techniques: Maintenance
12. Pediatric Anesthetic Techniques: Perioperative Fluid Requirements
13. Pediatric Anesthetic Techniques: Regional Anesthesia and Analgesia
14. Pediatric Anesthetic Techniques: Sedation for Procedures in and out of the Operating Room
15. Pediatric Anesthetic Techniques: Emergence & Recovery
16. Anesthetic Considerations in Prematurity
17. Anesthetic Considerations in Intestinal Malrotation & Volvulus
18. Anesthetic Considerations in Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
19. Anesthetic Considerations in Tracheoesophageal Fistula
20. Anesthetic Considerations in Gastroschisis & Omphalocele
21. Anesthetic Considerations in Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis
22. Anesthetic Considerations in Infectious Croup, Foreign Body Aspiration, & Acute Epiglottitis
23. Anesthetic Considerations in Tonsillectomy & Adenoidectomy
24. Anesthetic Considerations in Myringotomy & Insertion of Tympanostomy Tubes
25. Anesthetic Considerations in Trisomy 21 Syndrome Down Syndrome
26. Anesthetic Considerations in Cystic Fibrosis
27. Anesthetic Considerations in Scoliosis




Geriatric Anesthesia


1. Geriatric Anesthesia
2. Age-Related Anatomic & Physiological Changes
3. Age-Related Pharmacological Changes




Ambulatory Non operating Room and Office Based Anesthesia


1. Ambulatory, Non operating Room, & Office-Based Anesthesia
2. Advances in Ambulatory Anesthesia and Surgery
3. Candidates for Ambulatory and Office Based Anesthesia
4. Anesthesia: Specific Patient Conditions and Ambulatory Surgery
5. Anesthesia: Intraoperative Considerations
6. Post Anesthesia Recovery and Discharge
7. Anesthesia: Discharge Criteria
8. Unanticipated Hospital Admission Following Ambulatory Surgery
9. Anesthesia: Non Operating Room Anesthesia
10. Anesthesia: Special Considerations in Out of the Operating Room Locations




Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management






Spinal Epidural Caudal Blocks


1. Spinal, Epidural & Caudal Blocks
2. The Role of Neuraxial Anesthesia in Anesthetic Practice
3. Anatomy of Vertebral Column
4. Anatomy of The Spinal Cord
5. Spinal, Epidural & Caudal Blocks: Mechanism of Action
6. Clinical Considerations Common to Spinal & Epidural Blocks
7. Spinal Anesthesia
8. Epidural Anesthesia
9. Epidural Needles and Epidural Catheters
10. Specific Techniques for Epidural Anesthesia
11. Activating an Epidural
12. Epidural Anesthesia: Factors Affecting Level of Block
13. Epidural Anesthetic Agents
14. Epidural Anesthesia: Local Anesthetic pH Adjustment
15. Failed Epidural Blocks
16. Caudal Anesthesia
17. Complications of Neuraxial Blocks
18. Complications Associated with Excessive Responses to Appropriately Placed Drug
19. Complications Associated with Needle or Catheter Insertion
20. Complications Associated with Drug Toxicity




Peripheral Nerve Blocks


1. Peripheral Nerve Blocks: Patient Selection
2. Peripheral Nerve Blocks: Risks & Contraindications
3. Peripheral Nerve Blocks: Choice of Local Anesthetic
4. Peripheral Nerve Blocks: Preparation
5. Peripheral Nerve Blocks: Block Techniques
6. Upper Extremity Peripheral Nerve Blocks: Brachial Plexus Anatomy
7. Upper Extremity Peripheral Nerve Blocks: Interscalene Block
8. Upper Extremity Peripheral Nerve Blocks: Supraclavicular Block
9. Upper Extremity Peripheral Nerve Blocks: Infraclavicular Block
10. Upper Extremity Peripheral Nerve Blocks: Axillary Block
11. Upper Extremity Peripheral Nerve Blocks: Blocks of the Terminal Nerves
12. Upper Extremity Peripheral Nerve Blocks: Intravenous Regional Anesthesia
13. Lower Extremity Peripheral Nerve Blocks: Lumbar & Sacral Plexus Anatomy
14. Lower Extremity Peripheral Nerve Blocks: Femoral Nerve Block
15. Lower Extremity Peripheral Nerve Blocks: Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve Block
16. Lower Extremity Peripheral Nerve Blocks: Obturator Nerve Block
17. Lower Extremity Peripheral Nerve Blocks: Posterior Lumbar Plexus (Psoas Compartment) Block
18. Lower Extremity Peripheral Nerve Blocks: Saphenous Nerve Block
19. Lower Extremity Peripheral Nerve Blocks: Sciatic Nerve Block
20. Lower Extremity Peripheral Nerve Blocks: Ankle Block
21. Peripheral Nerve Blocks of the Trunk: Superficial Cervical Plexus Block
22. Peripheral Nerve Blocks of the Trunk: Intercostal Block
23. Peripheral Nerve Blocks of the Trunk: Paravertebral Block
24. Peripheral Nerve Blocks of the Trunk: Transversus Abdominis Plane Block




Chronic Pain Management


1. Anesthesia: Chronic Pain Management
2. Definitions & Classification of Chronic Pain
3. Pain Pathways
4. Physiology of Nociception
5. Pathophysiology of Chronic Pain
6. Systemic Responses to Pain
7. Evaluation of the Patient with Chronic Pain
8. Entrapment Syndromes
9. Myofascial Pain
10. Fibromyalgia
11. Low Back Pain & Related Syndromes
12. Neuropathic Pain
13. Acute Herpes Zoster & Postherpetic Neuralgia - Chronic Pain Management
14. Headache - Chronic Pain Management
15. Abdominal Pain - Chronic Pain Management
16. Cancer Related Pain - Chronic Pain Management
17. Interventional Therapies: Pharmacological Interventions
18. Diagnostic & Therapeutic Blocks
19. Trigeminal Nerve Block
20. Facial Nerve Block
21. Glossopharyngeal Block
22. Occipital Nerve Block
23. Suprascapular Nerve Block
24. Cervical Paravertebral Nerve Blocks
25. Thoracic Paravertebral Nerve Block
26. Lumbar Paravertebral Nerve Blocks
27. Cervical, Thoracic & Lumbar Medial Branch Blocks
28. Trans-Sacral Nerve Block
29. Pudendal Nerve Block
30. Sympathetic Nerve Blocks
31. Cervicothoracic (Stellate) Block
32. Splanchnic Nerve Block
33. Celiac Plexus Block
34. Lumbar Sympathetic Block
35. Superior Hypogastric Plexus Block
36. Ganglion Impar Block
37. Intravenous Regional Block
38. Epidural Injections
39. Radio frequency Ablation & Cryoneurolysis
40. Chemical Neurolysis
41. Differential Neural Blockade
42. Neuromodulation
43. Vertebral Augmentation
44. Multidisciplinary Treatment




Perioperative Pain Management Enhanced Outcomes


1. Evolution of Enhanced Recovery Programs
2. Anesthetic Management: Preoperative Period
3. Anesthetic Management: Intraoperative Period
4. Anesthetic Management: Postoperative Period
5. Anesthetic Management: Issues in the Implementation of Enhanced Recovery Programs




Perioperative and Critical Care Medicine






Management of Patients with Fluid Electrolyte Disturbances


1. Nomenclature of Solutions
2. Fluid Compartments
3. Disorders of Water Balance
4. Disorders of Water Balance: Control of Plasma Osmolality
5. Disorders of Water Balance: Hyperosmolality & Hypernatremia
6. Disorders of Water Balance: Hypoosmolality & Hyponatremia
7. Disorders of Sodium Balance
8. Disorders of Potassium Balance
9. Intercompartmental Shifts of Potassium
10. Hypokalemia
11. Hyperkalemia
12. Disorders of Calcium Balance: Normal Calcium Balance
13. Hypercalcemia
14. Hypocalcemia
15. Disorders of Phosphorus Balance
16. Normal Phosphorus Balance
17. Hyperphosphatemia
18. Hypophosphatemia
19. Disorders of Magnesium Balance
20. Normal Magnesium Balance
21. Hypermagnesemia
22. Hypomagnesemia




Acid Base Management


1. Acid-Base Management
2. Hydrogen Ion Concentration & pH
3. Acids & Bases
4. Strong Ion Difference
5. Conjugate Pairs & Buffers
6. Acid-Base Clinical Disorders
7. Body Buffers
8. Respiratory Compensation
9. Renal Acid-Base Compensation
10. Physiological Effects of Acidemia
11. Respiratory Acidosis
12. Metabolic Acidosis
13. Anesthetic considerations in Patients With Acidosis
14. Physiological Effects of Alkalosis
15. Respiratory Alkalosis
16. Metabolic Alkalosis
17. Anesthetic Considerations in Patients With Alkalemia
18. Diagnosis of Acid Base Disorders
19. Measurement of Blood Gas Tensions & pH




Fluid Management and Blood Component Therapy


1. Evaluation of Intravascular Volume
2. Intravenous Fluids
3. Perioperative Fluid Therapy
4. Transfusion
5. Complications of Blood Transfusion
6. Alternative Strategies for Management of Blood Loss During Surgery




Thermoregulation and Hypothermia and Malignant Hyperthermia


1. Thermoregulation & Hypothermia
2. Malignant Hyperthermia




Nutrition in Perioperative and Critical Care


1. Basic Nutritional Needs
2. How to Feed the Patient
3. Complications of Nutritional Support
4. Specific Nutrients
5. Enteral Nutrition and NIL Per OS Rules Priorto Elective Surgery
6. TPN and Surgery




Anesthetic Complications


1. Litigation and Anesthetic Complications
2. Adverse Anesthetic Outcomes
3. Anesthetic Complications: Mortality and Brain Injury
4. Anesthetic Complications: Vascular Cannulation
5. Anesthetic Complications: Obstetric Anesthesia
6. Anesthetic Complications: Regional Anesthesia
7. Anesthetic Complications: Pediatric Anesthesia
8. Out of the Operating Room Anesthesia and Monitored Anesthesia Care
9. Anesthetic Complications: Equipment Problems
10. Anesthetic Complications: Quality Management
11. Anesthetic Complications: Airway Injury
12. Anesthetic Complications: Peripheral Nerve Injury
13. Anesthetic Complications: Awareness
14. Anesthetic Complications: Eye Injury
15. Anesthetic Complications: Cardiopulmonary Arrest During Spinal Anesthesia
16. Anesthetic Complications: Hearing Loss
17. Anesthetic Complications: Allergic Reactions
18. Occupational Hazards in Anesthesiology




Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation


1. Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
2. Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Airway
3. Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Breathing
4. Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Circulation
5. Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Defibrillation
6. Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Recommended Resuscitation Protocols




Postanesthesia Care


1. Postanesthesia Care
2. The Postanesthesia Care Unit
3. Emergence From General Anesthesia
4. Transport From the Operating Room to the PACU
5. Routine Recovery
6. Respiratory Complications
7. Circulatory Complications




Critical Care


1. Critical Care
2. Economic, Ethical, & Legal Issues in Critical Care
3. Respiratory Care
4. Medical Gas Therapy
5. Classifying Oxygen Therapy Equipment
6. Ambient Oxygen Therapy Equipment: Variable-Performance Equipment
7. Ambient Oxygen Therapy Equipment: Fixed-Performance (High-Flow) Equipment
8. Ambient Oxygen Therapy Equipment: Hazards of Oxygen Therapy
9. Mechanical Ventilation
10. Positive-Pressure Ventilators
11. Care of Patients Requiring Mechanical Ventilation
12. Discontinuing Mechanical Ventilation
13. Positive Airway Pressure Therapy
14. Other Respiratory Care Techniques
15. Respiratory Failure
16. Pulmonary Edema
17. Increased Transmural Pressure Pulmonary Edema (�Cardiogenic� Pulmonary Edema)
18. Increased Permeability Pulmonary Edema (Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema): Acute Lung Injury & ARDS
19. Critical Care: Drowning & Near Drowning
20. Critical Care: Smoke Inhalation
21. Acute Myocardial Infarction
22. Acute Kidney Injury & Failure
23. Prerenal Azotemia
24. Postrenal Azotemia
25. Reversible Azotemia Versus AKI
26. Infections & Sepsis
27. Pathophysiology of SIRS
28. Infections In the ICU
29. Septic Shock
30. Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage
31. End-of-Life Care




Safety Quality and Performance Improvement


1. Patient Safety Issues
2. Quality of Care Performance Improvement Issues