Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology - Medical Course Subject
Organization and General Plan of the Body
1. Organization and General Plan of the Body
2. Levels of Organization
3. Metabolism and Homeostasis
4. Terminology and General Plan of the Body
Some Basic Chemistry
1. Elements
2. Atoms
3. Chemical Bonds
4. Chemical Reactions
5. Inorganic Compounds of Importance
6. Organic Compounds of Importance
7. Carbohydrates
8. Lipids
9. Proteins
10. Enzymes
11. Nucleic Acids
Cells
1. Cells
2. Cell Structure
3. Cell Membrane
4. Nucleus - Cells
5. Cytoplasm and Cell Organelles
6. Cellular Transport Mechanisms
7. The Genetic Code and Protein Synthesis
8. Cell Division
9. Aging and Cells
Tissues and Membranes
1. Epithelial Tissue
2. Connective Tissue
3. Muscle Tissue
4. Nerve Tissue
5. Membranes: Epithelial and Connective, serous and mucous Membranes
6. Aging and Tissues
The Integumentary System
1. Skin - Anatomy and Physiology
2. Outer epidermis - Skin
3. Inner dermis - Skin
4. Subcutaneous Tissue
5. Aging and the Integumentary System
The Skeletal System
1. Skeletal System
2. Functions of the Skeleton
3. Types of Bone Tissue
4. Classification of Bones
5. Embryonic Growth of Bone
6. Factors That Affect Bone Growth and Maintenance
7. The Skeleton
8. Skull - Skeleton
9. Vertebral Column - Skeleton
10. Rib Cage - Skeleton
11. Shoulder And Arm - Skeleton
12. Hip and Leg - Skeleton
13. Joints-Articulations
14. Aging and the Skeletal System
The Muscular System
1. The Muscular System
2. Muscle Structure
3. Muscle Tone
4. Muscle Sense
5. Energy Sources for Muscle Contraction
6. Muscle Fiber- Microscopic Structure
7. Contraction-The Sliding Filament Mechanism
8. Responses to Exercise-Maintaining Homeostasis
9. Aging and the Muscular System
10. Major Muscles of the Body
The Nervous System
1. The Nervous System
2. Nervous System Divisions
3. Nerve Tissue
4. Types of Neurons
5. Nerves and Nerve Tracts
6. The Nerve Impulse
7. Spinal Cord
8. Spinal Nerves
9. Spinal Cord Reflexes
10. The Brain - Anatomy and Physiology
11. Meninges and Cerebrospinal Fluid
12. Cranial Nerves
13. Autonomic Nervous System
14. Aging and the Nervous System
The Senses
1. Sensory Pathway
2. Characteristics of Sensations
3. Cutaneous Senses
4. Muscle Sense
5. Sense of Taste
6. Sense of Smell
7. Hunger and Thirst
8. The Eye - Structure, Anatomy and Physiology
9. Eyeball: Layers and Cavities of the Eyeball
10. Physiology of Vision - Eye
11. The Ear: Anatomy and Physiology
12. Arterial Receptors
13. Aging and the Senses
The Endocrine System
1. The Endocrine System
2. Chemistry of Hormones
3. Regulation of Hormone Secretion
4. The Pituitary Gland - Anatomy and Physiology
5. Posterior Pituitary Gland
6. Anterior Pituitary Gland
7. Thyroid Gland - Anatomy and Physiology
8. Parathyroid Glands and Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
9. Pancreas - Anatomy and Physiology
10. Adrenal Glands - Anatomy and Physiology
11. Adrenal Medulla: Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
12. Adrenal Cortex: Aldosterone, Cortisol
13. Ovaries
14. Testes
15. Melatonin
16. Prostaglandins (PGs)
17. Mechanisms of Hormone Action
18. Aging and the Endocrine System
Blood
1. Characteristics of Blood
2. Plasma
3. Red Blood Cells: Function, Production and Maturation, Life Span, Blood Types
4. White Blood Cells: Classification and Function
5. Platelets: Function
6. Prevention of Abnormal Clotting
The Heart
1. Location and Pericardial Membranes
2. Heart Chambers-Vessels and Valves
3. Coronary Vessels
4. Cardiac Cycle and Heart Sounds
5. Cardiac Conduction Pathway
6. Heart Rate
7. Cardiac Output
8. Regulation of Heart Rate
9. Aging and the Heart
The Vascular System
1. Arteries - Anatomy and Physiology
2. Veins - Anatomy and Physiology
3. Capillaries - Anatomy and Physiology
4. Pathways of Circulation
5. Velocity of Blood Flow
6. Blood Pressure
7. Maintenance of Systemic Blood Pressure
8. Distribution of Blood Flow
9. Regulation of Blood Pressure
10. Aging and the Vascular System
The Lymphatic System and Immunity
1. Lymph - Anatomy and Physiology
2. Lymph Vessels
3. Lymphatic Tissue
4. Lymph Nodes and Nodules
5. Spleen
6. Thymus
7. Immunity
8. Innate Immunity
9. Adaptive Immunity
10. Types of Immunity
11. Aging and the Lymphatic System
The Respiratory System
1. Divisions of the Respiratory System
2. Mechanism of Breathing
3. Pulmonary Volumes
4. Exchange of Gases - The Respiratory System
5. Transport of Gases in the Blood
6. Regulation of Respiration: Nervous and Chemical Regulation
7. Respiration and Acid-Base Balance
8. Aging and the Respiratory System
The Digestive System
1. Divisions of the Digestive System
2. Types of Digestion
3. Oral Cavity
4. Pharynx
5. Esophagus
6. Structural Layers of the Alimentary Tube
7. Stomach - Anatomy and Physiology
8. Small Intestine - Anatomy and Physiology
9. Liver - Anatomy and Physiology
10. Gallbladder - Anatomy and Physiology
11. Pancreas
12. Completion of Digestion and Absorption
13. Large Intestine - Anatomy and Physiology
14. Functions of the Liver
15. Aging and the Digestive System
Body Temperature and Metabolism
1. Body Temperature
2. Heat Production - Body Temperature
3. Heat Loss - Body Temperature
4. Regulation of Body Temperature
5. Fever - Body Temperature
6. Metabolism
7. Cell Respiration
8. Synthesis Uses Of Foods - Metabolism
9. Metabolism: Vitamins and Minerals
10. Metabolic Rate
11. Aging and Metabolism
The Urinary System
1. The Urinary System
2. Kidneys - Anatomy and Physiology
3. Internal Structure of the Kidney
4. Nephron - Anatomy and Physiology
5. Blood Vessels of the Kidney
6. Formation of Urine
7. Glomerular Filtration - Formation of Urine
8. Tubular Reabsorption - Formation of Urine
9. Tubular Secretion - Formation of Urine
10. Hormones that Influence Reabsorption of Water - Formation of Urine
11. Kidneys and Acid-Base Balance
12. Functions of the Kidneys
13. Elimination of Urine
14. Characteristics of Urine
15. Aging and the Urinary System
Fluid Electrolyte and Acid Base Balance
1. Water Compartments in Human body
2. Water Intake and Output in Human body
3. Electrolytes in Human body
4. Acid-Base Balance in Human body
5. Aging and Fluid and pH Regulation
The Reproductive Systems
1. Meiosis - Human Reproductive Systems
2. Male Reproductive System in Human
3. Female Reproductive System in Human
4. Menstrual Cycle in Human
5. Aging and the Reproductive Systems
6. Testes - Anatomy and Physiology
7. Urethra-Penis
8. Semen
9. Ovaries - Anatomy and Physiology
10. Fallopian Tubes
11. Uterus - Anatomy and Physiology
12. Vagina - Anatomy and Physiology
13. External Genitals - Anatomy and Physiology
14. Mammary Glands - Anatomy and Physiology
Human Development and Genetics
1. Human Development
2. Embryo And Embryonic Membranes
3. Placenta and Umbilical Cord
4. Parturition and Labor
5. Infant at Birth
6. Genetics
An Introduction to Microbiology and Human Disease
1. Classification of Microorganisms
2. Normal Flora
3. Infectious Disease
4. Epidemiology
5. Methods of Control of Microbes
6. The Pathogens and its List
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